[[LLamaIndex]] and [[LangChain]] are similar enough that simple [[LLM engineering]] applications can effectively use either. More robust applications can use both.
LlamaIndex is best for
- Simple, out-of-the-box data ingestion and chunking
- Native support for structured data, Pandas, graphs, SQL, etc.
- Fast prototyping of RAG with minimal boilerplate
- Advanced querying tools like sub-question decomposition, table summarization, etc.
LangChain is better for
- Fine-grained control over chains, tools, routing
- More flexibility for multi-agent systems and tool use
- Integration with advanced tools (e.g. code interpreters, browsers, actions)
- Declarative control flows using LangGraph
Here's a comparison of key features.
|Feature / Step|LangChain|LlamaIndex|
|---|---|---|
|**Document loading**|`langchain.document_loaders`|`llama_index.readers`|
|**Chunking**|Manual (`TextSplitter`)|Built-in semantic splitters|
|**Vector store**|Plug-and-play (Chroma, etc)|Plug-and-play (or built-in)|
|**Embedding models**|Customizable|Also customizable|
|**Query interface**|`RetrievalQA`, `RAGChain`|`QueryEngine`, `ChatEngine`|
|**Graph traversal**|Use LangGraph manually|Built-in **KGQueryEngine**|
|**Structured connectors**|Weak|Strong (Pandas, SQL, Graphs)|
|**Ease of RAG setup**|Medium|Easy|
|**Multi-agent orchestration**|Supported via LangGraph|Not native (requires LangChain)|