Multi-factor authentication (MFA) is a technique for ensuring confidentiality of information by requiring a user to prove their identity with at least two of the following factors:
- what you know (e.g., pin code)
- what you have (e.g., credit card)
- what you are (e.g., fingerprint)
Simply asking for two things you know (e.g., pin and security question answer) is not MFA. A common form of MFA is two-factor identification (2FA).